All submissions are checked using plagiarism detection software. Manuscripts with similarity index above 15% are rejected. We follow UGC guidelines on plagiarism. Self-plagiarism is also considered a violation.

UGC Guidelines on Plagiarism

As per UGC regulations, the following levels of plagiarism are defined:

• Level 0: Similarity above 60% - Severe plagiarism (Paper rejected, author may be banned)
• Level 1: Similarity 40-60% - High plagiarism (Paper rejected)
• Level 2: Similarity 20-40% - Moderate plagiarism (Resubmission after proper citation)
• Level 3: Similarity 10-20% - Minor plagiarism (Acceptance after minor corrections)
• Level 4: Similarity below 10% - Acceptable

Our journal follows these guidelines strictly. We use advanced plagiarism detection software to check all submissions.

Author Responsibilities

• Ensure originality and proper citation of sources
• Provide accurate data and results
• Declare any conflicts of interest
• Obtain necessary permissions for copyrighted material
• All listed authors must have contributed significantly

Editor Responsibilities

• Maintain confidentiality during peer review
• Ensure fair and unbiased review process
• Make decisions based on manuscript merit only
• Declare any conflicts of interest

Reviewer Responsibilities

• Provide objective, constructive feedback
• Complete reviews within agreed timeframe
• Maintain confidentiality
• Declare any conflicts of interest

Authors retain copyright of their work. By publishing with us, authors grant:

• Non-exclusive rights to the journal to publish the work
• Rights to distribute the work in various formats
• Rights to archive the work in digital repositories

Authors are free to use their published work for teaching, presentations, and further research.

This is an open access journal. All articles are immediately and permanently free to read and download.

Benefits of Open Access:

• Increased visibility and citations
• Wider dissemination of research
• Free access for researchers worldwide
• Faster impact on the scientific community

Articles may be retracted if:

• Plagiarism or data fabrication is discovered
• Fundamental errors invalidate the findings
• Ethical violations are identified
• Duplicate publication is detected

Retraction notices will be published and linked to the original article.